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Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are used to slow the spread of fire in upholstered furniture, mattresses, curtains, carpets and electronics. BFRs contain PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers), a group of chemicals that are highly persistent and bioaccumulative; they are suspected hormone disruptors and can cause cancer reproductive and developmental disorders. PBDEs are suspected of having particularly damaging effects on the thyroid (which controls brain development), and as a result, PBDEs may cause neurodevelopmental disorders such as learning disabilities and behaviour problems. PBDEs leach from products, and have been detected in house dust, human blood and breast milk.